SSL/TLS certificates provide that authentication. To truly have a secure connection, you can’t just encrypt your data, you also need to know it’s being sent to the right website/organization. Upon its receipt, the client checks to make sure the certificate is “authentic.” This is an extremely important step. Once a client and server agree on the exact encryption methods they will use – this is called a cipher suite – the server sends the client its SSL certificate. So, the first steps of the TLS handshake require the client and server to share their capabilities so they can find the cryptographic features they mutually support. And all of this gets even more complicated when you add in custom configurations.
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Likewise, on the server side, popular operating systems like Windows Server, Apache, and NGINX all have very different feature support. Web browsers are the most common client and features can vary between popular browsers like Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox and Microsoft Internet Explorer.
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Negotiating Cipher SuitesĮvery piece of software is different. Let’s start by explaining conceptually what’s happening with each. Creating/Exchanging symmetric session keys.Exchanging cipher suites and parameters.The purpose of the SSL/TLS handshake is to perform all the cryptographic work needed to have a secure connection needed for a secure connection.Īs we said at the top, the TLS handshake accomplishes 3 main things: This includes authenticating the SSL certificate being used, and generating an encryption key. These two parties are the ones that ‘shake hands.’ The purpose of the SSL/TLS handshake is to perform all the cryptographic work needed to have a secure connection. Fixing the SSL/TLS Handshake Failed ErrorĪn HTTPS connection involves two parties: the client (the one who is initiating the connection, usually your web browser), and the server.The TLS 1.2 handshake – Diffie-Hellman Edition.So, what specifically changed from TLS 1.2 to TLS 1.3?.The TLS Handshake – Negotiating Cipher Suites.
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There are now effectively two handshakes. Last year, the IETF finalized TLS 1.3, which features a completely overhauled handshake. It’s a process that has evolved since the original SSL protocol was first created in 1996, with each new iteration becoming faster, with less overhead. Most of the hard work involved in the SSL/TLS protocol is done here. The ‘SSL/TLS handshake’ is the technical name for the process that establishes an HTTPS connection. The handshake is where each connection begins and where the technical underpinnings of SSL/TLS are established. One of the most important parts of the SSL/TLS protocol is the SSL/TLS handshake.
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